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- Essay Name : 1346.txt
- Uploader : Marty
- Email Address :
- Language : English
- Subject : Art
- Title : Pop Art
- Grade : A
- School System : Kings County, Calif.
- Country : USA
- Author Comments : Report done on microsoft works, Pictures from andy warhol and David hockney added to grade
- Teacher Comments : excellent format, nice pictures
- Date : mar 96
- Site found at : chance
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- West Hills Community College
- POP ART
-
- Art Appreciation 52
-
- CONTENTS
- I. POP ART 4
- II. ANDY WARHOL 5
- III. DAVID HOCKNEY 7
-
-
- LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
- 1. Illustration 1 :Roy Lichtenstrin, Whamm!, Cover
- 2. Illustration 2 :Andy Warhol, Cambell Soup Can 6
- 3. Illustration 3 David Hockney, A Bigger Splash 7
-
- POP ART
- ôArt in which everyday objects and subjects are depicted with the
- flat naturalism of advertising or comic strips.ö1.
- Pop Art, visual arts movement of the 1950s and 1960s,
- principally in the United States and Great Britain. The images of
- pop art (shortened from ôpopular artö) were taken from mass
- culture. The term ôPop Artö was first by the critic Lawrence
- Alloway to describe those paintings that celebrate post-war
- consumerism, defy the psychology of Abstract Expressionism, and
- worship the god of materialism.2 This was an art which had
- natural appeal to American artists, living in the midst of the most
- blatant and pervasive industrial and commercial environment. For
- the American artist, once they realized the tremendous
- possibilities of their everyday environment in the creation of new
- subject matter, the result was generally more bold, aggressive,
- even overpowering, than in the case of their European
- counterparts. Some artists duplicated beer bottles, soup cans,
- comic strips, road signs, and similar objects in paintings, collages,
- and sculptures. Others incorporated the objects themselves into
- their paintings or sculptures, sometimes in startlingly modified
- form. Materials of modern technology, such as plastic, urethane
- foam, and acrylic paint, often figured prominently. As opposed to
- the junk sculptors, the assemblage artists who have created their
- works from rubbish, the garbage, the refuge of modern industrial
- society, the pop artists deal principally with the new, the
- "store-bought," the idealized vulgarity of advertising, of the
- supermarket, and of television commercials. One of the most
- important artistic movements of the 20th century, pop art not only
- influenced the work of subsequent artists but also had an impact
- on commercial, graphic, and fashion design.3
- American Pop art was first of all a major reaction against
- abstract expressionism which had dominated painting in the United
- States during the later 1940s and 1950s. During the later 1950s
- there were many indications that American painting would return to
- a new kind of figuration, a new humanism. Pop art brought art back
- to the material realities of everyday life, to popular culture in which
- ordinary people derived most of their visual pleasure from
- television, magazines, or comics.
- The paintings of Lichtenstein, and Warhol, share not only
- an attachment to the everyday, commonplace, or vulgar image of
- the modern industrial America, but also the treatment of this image
- in an impersonal, neutral manner. They do not comment on the
- scene or attack it like social realist, nor do they exalt it like the ad
- men. They seem to be saying simply that this is the world we live
- in, this is the urban landscape, these are the symbols, the
- interiors, the still lifes that make up our own lives.
-
- Andy Warhol, (1928-1987)
- One of the greatest Pop Artist or more well known as a
- direct representation of pop culture is Andy Warhol. He was born
- in 1928 and grew up during the depression and all the political
- shenanigans it had to offer during his life time(WW2, Watergate,
- Marilyn Monroe, etc.). Unfortunately his life ended in 1987, and
- no longer can he offer a fundamental yet understandable view on
- every day life. He choose objects from daily American life as well
- the faces of entertainers and of others with household names as
- subjects for his pop art work. It made no difference if his subject
- was of a object or personality, they were an inherent part of
- postwar American culture WarholÆs work advertised familiar
- aspects of post war America, yet according to him it did not intend
- to hold any hidden meaning, nor was it intended to criticize; the
- work of Andy Warhol was meant to simply express, in an
- unpersonal manner, how he perceived the world around him.
- His technique used to create his images was silk
- screening(a mechanical process that allows images to be
- repeatedly endlessly). This machine-like element of the
- silk-screen technique depicted appropriately the industrialized
- postwar American culture which he had witnessed. Warhol had
- expressed it as a ôculture overburdened by disturbance that
- seemed to be repeated and recreated.ö Warhol had choose
- popular figures as subjects for an almost mass production of
- images, in a sense, dedicating his work his work to the world
- around him whose identity is comprised not only if these figures,
- but of technological advancements as well. In spite of his claim
- that he is completely detached from his work and that he and his
- work are wholly on the surface, he did create some pieces which
- seem to hold some type of deeper social commentary. For
- example, He manipulated his original silk-screen technique to
- create reverse images, to point more closely to the element of
- disturbance in postwar American culture. Essentially they
- illustrated what he perceived as the dark side of fame. Similarly
- he seemed to comment on the intrusive nature of pop-culture
- icons(i.e. Marilyn Monroe) in pieces such as Gold Marilyn, 1962.
- Eventually, Warhol began to create self-portraits using both
- his original silk-screening technique as well as his reverse
- technique. this was an interesting choice of subject, and he may
- have decided to create this series of self-portraits because he was
- realizing his own role in pop culture. as an important pop artist,
- Warhol himself became a representation of pop culture, and
- therefore an appropriate subject for his own work, Like the other
- troubled personalities depicted in his various series of reversals,
- Warhol too encountered the hard ships of popularity. His
- reversals of himself revealed the dark, troubled aspects of his
- career as a popular artist.4,5
-
- David Hockney, (1937- )
- English painter, draftsman, photographer, and set designer,
- known for his satirical paintings, his masterly prints and drawings,
- and his penetrating portraits of contemporary personalities.
- Technically, it is true to say that the Pop movement started with
- Richard Hamilton and David Hockney in England. Hockney's early
- work made superb use of the popular magazine-style images on
- which much of Pop Art is based. However, when Hockney moved to
- California in the 1960s, he responded with such artistic depth to the
- sea, sun, sky, young men, and luxury that his art took on a wholly
- new, increasingly naturalistic dimension. His amazing success has
- been based not only on the flair, wit, and versatility of his work, but
- also on his colorful personality, which has made him a recognizable
- figure even to people not particularly interested in art: His works
- from the 1960sùsuch as his series featuring Los Angeles swimming
- pools and their denizensùare painted in a bright and deliberately
- naive style, and their subject matter is drawn from popular culture.
- He has spent much of his time in the USA, and the Californian
- swimming pool has been one of his favorite themes. A Bigger
- Splash (1967, Tate Gallery, London) is one of his best-known
- paintings. It is simplistic rather than a simplified view of the world, it
- nevertheless creates a delightful interplay between the impassive
- pink verticals of a Los Angeles setting and the overflow of spray as
- the unseen diver enters the pool. There is no visible human
- presence here, just that lonely, empty chair and a bare, almost
- frozen world. Yet that wild white splash can only come from another
- human, and a great deal of Hockney's psyche is involved in the mix
- of lucidity and confusion of this picture.6 Hockney's wryness and wit
- together with his talent for strong composition and design led him, at
- the end of the 1960s, to a more naturalistic manner, particularly in
- his portraits. His early paintings, often almost jokey in mood, gained
- him a reputation of leading Pop artist, although he himself rejected
- the label. In the late 1960s he turned to a weightier, more
- traditionally representational manner, in which he has painted some
- striking portraits (Mr. and Mrs. Clark and Percy, Tate, London,
- 1970-01). Although not fully realistic, these worksùpainted in his
- preferred style of flat acrylic paints and profuse finely drawn
- linesùprovide sensitive, often heightened, representations of their
- sitters. Hockney's notable designs for operatic productions, for both
- the Glyndebourne Opera in England and for New York City's
- Metropolitan Opera, have met with critical and popular favor. David
- Hockney photographs (1982) is an exploration of the medium and a
- partial record of his life. Composite Polaroid pictures, called joiners,
- such as Henry Moore (1982), are another example of Hockney's
- photographic work.7
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